Outline 2

I am going to start with the basics.  This includes how to write the body, conclusion and introduction, and where to place them.  Next i will explain the importance of knowing an audience and how to identify an audience.  Then i will go over various rhetorical tools that should be used in the essay.  And after that i will cover the drafting process.

Process

I am going to start with the basics.  I want to show the importance of doing the body first then the conclusion second and then the introduction/thesis statement last.  I will show the order that we do them in and explain what they are and why they work.  Next i want to show the reader some of the rhetorical tools we use and why.  I like cause and effect so i will show them that as the first of the tools.  Next i will explain compare and contrast.  I want to give enough detail of the things i am going to teach so that anyone can understand it.  I will probably take some time in explaining about how important knowing an audience is and how that affects the writing.  I don't know if this is all i am going to do but it is all i can think of for now.

Introductions

The importance of an introduction cannot be overstated.  It is one of the most important things in an article.  without an introduction the article feels aimless, it is hard to tell what the article is about.  The introduction is so important because that is usually where the thesis statement is.
        The perfect introduction should have a clearly defined thesis statement without it being too obvious or boring.  It should give a rundown on what the article is going to be about.  And it should set the stage for the rest of the article, hopefully getting the reader involved right away.

Definitions part 2

My first definition is video games.  Video games are a form of entertainment that uses computer graphics to put a controllable image on a screen.  This is usually a character that is being controlled by the player.  The next definition is violence.  Violence is someone using force to hurt another person.  The last definition is gamer. A gamer is a person who plays video games as a hobby.

Definitions

The importance of definitions in reaching an audience is pretty simple.  There are many times an author may use words that their audience has never heard before, and using definitions can get the audience up to speed quickly and without too much straining.  The best example of this is when an author is writing about something specific to them or their job.  They might be using words or slang that only people in their field know.  If they define them then the audience will learn and understand those words.

Rhetorical Terms

Rhetorical terms are the terms that are used to elevate the language in writing.  They are used to get the authors point across as well as make certain elements known in an easy and more accessible way for the reader.  There are subject specific terms that are used in writing that apply to the subject at hand.  These are used to speed up the process of explaining things to the audience.
       These are five rhetorical terms that can be used for a visual or descriptive or compare and contrast essay.  The first one is a visual gaze.  A visual gaze is when a person looks at something and it reminds them of something else.  The next is master narratives.  Master narratives is when cultural stories or histories are used to persuade people to a certain point of view.  The next is contrast. Contrast is used when an author is going to contrast something. Another is persuasive themes.  Persuasive themes are the way tools are used to persuade the audience to have the point of view that is desired.  And finally the term resonance.  Resonance is when a story connects with the target audience, the story resonated with them.

Compare and Contrast

Compare and contrast is something we use everyday.  It is when we look at the similarities or the differences between two things.  The things we look at and compare could be anything.  They could people, places, objects, anything that can be compared to anything else.

Here are  some of the tools we use to compare and contrast.  Analogy, we use analogies all the time.  An analogy is when a person uses something familiar to describe something else.  The next tool is subject by subject.  This is when you look at subject A and everything subject A is.  And then you look at subject B and everything subject B is. And then you look at the similarities and differences of A and B relative to each other.  The last tool is point by point.  This is when you look at subject A  and then look at point A.  And then you look at subject B and point A as well.  Then you compare the two to see the similarities and differences.

Rhetorical Gazes

Rhetorical gazes are the tool used when we describe something or see something that makes us remember something else.  The human brain stores important events into long term memory.  Sometimes when we see something similar to those memories, it brings those memories back in an instant. 

There are many different types of gazes and I will go over a few.  There is a familial gaze. this is when a person sees something that triggers an intimate memory.  It is something that only they or a small number of people close to them know.  There is a national gaze.  This is when person sees something that means triggers a memory for them, but also is a shared memory.  For instance if i look at the American flag it triggers personal memories of being an American.  If someone else sees it, it will trigger personal memories for them that have nothing to do with me.

Cause and Effect

Cause and effect is a simple tool that is used in almost all writing.  It is simply how one thing causes another thing to happen.  It is very useful to use cause and effect in writing, cause and effect helps the reader to understand why things happen giving them a better sense of the story.

The best way that i can think of to analyze a cause and effect paper is to look it over to see where it starts and see where it ends.  That way you as you look over the paper, and you can see what causes went together to bring it to its conclusion.

The importance of peer-review

Peer-review is a very helpful thing.  Having another person look at the story you are writing and getting feedback is a good way to assess where you stand when writing a story.  It is easy to overlook flaws in your own writing, another person can see what the writer can not see and make suggestions to help improve the story.

Arthurian Rhetorical Tools

In the Zambreno article she talks about the legend of King Arthur being retold in many forms.  King Arthur is the most used story in history, there are hints of it in everything we see in popular entertainment, from serious drama, to super-hero comics and movies. 

Also in the article she talks about certain rhetorical tool writers use to write a story.  The first one is mutability/plasticity, this refers to the ability to take a story and reshape it how you see fit.  Authors have taken parts of the King Arthur story and have change it into something of their own.  Whether they make it set in the modern day or add new characters this demonstrates mutability/plasticity.

The next tool is piecemeal.  This is when an author takes pieces of the story and moves them around or writes only using certain parts of the story that they like.  An example of this is when an author likes the idea of a young Arthur, so he take that piece of the story and writes about that.

The next tool is windows of opportunity.  This is when there are gaps in a story and another author makes his own story to fill the gap.  This happens all the time in modern stories, after a story is told they always want to make a prequel, utilizing the window of opportunity from a characters past.

 The final tool is open-ended closure.  This is when a story is done but there are hints that there is going to be more.  This tool is used a lot now a days, there are hardly any stories that stand alone anymore. A good example of this is Lord of the rings, there was only one book The Hobbit, The Hobbit was an open ended story allowing Tolkien to write a whole trilogy after it.

The importance of narrative part 2

This is a continuation of narrative and the tools we use to tell a story.  There are many tools to use to form a cohesive narrative.  Last time i talked about the importance of writing in a orderly and chronological fashion, i also talked about the importance of knowing your audience.  Now i will talk about some other tools that are used to from a narrative.  The first is when a writer changes to a story from another time in the middle of the story already being told.  This is, if going back in time a flashback, or going forward in time a flash forward.  These can be used to help add depth to the story, in a way that going forward in one direction cannot.  Flashbacks and flash forwards are useful but they can also be confusing without a proper setup.  This brings me to my second tool, transitions.  Transitions are ways to tell your reader when something changes so that they are not confused.  Transitions are necessary to form a coherent story, and they help greatly with things like flashbacks.


Now i am going to talk about structural elements found in narratives.  Most narratives have the same elements, these are plot, characters, setting, theme.  These elements interact with each other and create the story.  Character influence the plot and theme,  the plot influences the theme and characters, the setting influences all of these.  All of these elements combine together to make a solid narrative, and these are what make stories unique from each other.

The Importance of Narrative

Narrative is the structure of a story.  It is important because without structure the story is incomprehensible.  The narrative tells us what happened in a story, who did what, why they did it, and what happened because they did it.  without narrative we would have stories that make no sense, they would just be a collection of words without any meaning.


Narrative is important but it could not work without the proper structure.  The goal of a story is to tell your audience something in a way that is easy to understand.  It is easier to reach an audience when the story told is orderly and chronological.  It is also important to know the audience, to know their culture, and to know the time frame that they live in or grew up in.  People see things differently from one another based on their upbringing, their religion, and their own life experiences.  Knowing who the audience is can make a drastic difference in the writer's ability to connect with them.

The Writing Process

The writing process starts with a thesis statement, which is us telling the reader what the article is about.  We also introduce points we are going to make, this is called a road map.  There are three parts to writing an article, the introduction, the body and the conclusion.  When we write the article we start with the writing the body.  After that we write the conclusion, and then we write the introduction last.  We write an article this way because after we write the body we can use the information from body to write the conclusion and the introduction.